Itunes app free download - Apple iTunes, Apple iTunes (64-bit), Apple iTunes, and many more programs. Itunes app free download - Apple iTunes, Apple iTunes (64-bit), Apple iTunes, and many more.
AppSnap is an application that simplifies installation of software. It automatically figures out the latest version, downloads the installer and then installs the software in one seamless step. AppSnap is primarily designed for Windows which does not have any decent package manager such as APT and RPM as in the Linux world. N nAppSnap is written in Python and uses wxPython, PyCurl and PyYAML.
It is packaged using Py2Exe, compressed with UPX and installed using NSIS. N nThe latest news and updates can always be found on the official blog Drop by to see what's going on. !!!The Problem nOne of the main issues solved by AppSnap is figuring out the latest version of an application. N nIn the Windows world, there is no central body that maintains a database containing the latest versions of various applications, such as APT and RPM in the Linux world. Even if some efforts exist, more time might end up getting spent in keeping the database current than in enhancing the application itself. N nAppSnap solves this problem by providing an API that automates figuring out such versioning information rather than depending on a mechanical process.
While this method also suffers from potential breaks (an application may change its website or versioning scheme), it is less likely to break as often (websites don't change so often and versioning schemes seldom waver after a certain point of project maturity) and, most importantly, it does not need the effort to add every new release of every single application to a central database. N nFor many large and consistent applications, you would add it once to the AppSnap database and be set for life. N n!!!The Database nThe AppSnap application database is stored in db.ini. This is a simple INI file that contains all the information that AppSnap needs in order to download, install and uninstall the applications that are supported. N nAdding an application is as simple as adding a new section to db.ini with all the required sections populated as needed. The bottom of db.ini provides a dummy section and information that helps setup popular installer packages such as NSIS and InnoSetup n nSeveral applications are already added and serve as examples of how the database works.
Popular websites such as SourceForge also have many examples which will make it very easy to add other applications that are developed there. N n!!!User Database nAfter loading the main database from db.ini, AppSnap loads a second database from userdb.ini. This optional database overrides any duplicate entries in the main database. It allows users to add additional applications or modify existing applications without having to modify the main database. This way, changes made by the user are not lost through database updates.
N nThe user database follows the same syntax as the main database. N n!!!Database Details n. Text Replacements - syntax to represent certain application information n.
Configuration Options - all the options required in order to configure an application. There are several competitors in the Windows package manager arena.
The ones I'm aware of are:- n. AppGet n. Appupdater n. FileHippo Update Checker n. GetIt n.
InstallPad n. RadarSync n.
Secunia Software Inspector n. SUMo n. The Great Unattended Project n. UpdateStar n. VersionTracker n.
Win-Get n. Windows Package Manager n. Wpkg http://wpkg.org/. !!!General Questions n'Does AppSnap support proxies?'
nAppSnap supports all proxy authentication schemes supported by libcurl AppSnap automatically picks up proxy information from Internet Explorer. You will need to specify the login and password for the proxy server in config.ini which is in the same directory as AppSnap. N n'Does AppSnap support NTLM authentication?' nYes, AppSnap works through an NTLM proxy. N n'Is there a portable or a ZIP version of AppSnap not requiring installation?' nJust download Download the latest installer and extract it using any ZIP extractor.
Then, rename '$31' to 'locale' and delete '$PLUGINSDIR'. Copy the files to a USB key or any other folder. AppSnap will function as usual.
N nIf you'd like, you can change the 'cachelocation' in config.ini to 'cache'. AppSnap will then download all installers into a sub-directory called 'cache' thus ensuring that all downloaded installers are stored with AppSnap and not on the system AppSnap is executed on. This is useful if AppSnap is run from a USB key and you want the installers to be portable as well. N n!!!Troubleshooting n'AppSnap is unable to connect' nFirst verify that you can access the web using your browser. If you are able to access the web using your browser but not using AppSnap, check if you have a proxy configured in Internet Explorer. You can check your proxy configuration by doing the following: n. Start Internet Explorer n.
Click on Tools - Internet Options - Connections - LAN Settings n. If you have Proxy server enabled and an address and port specified, you have a proxy server configured. NIf you have a proxy server configured then you need to specify the login and password for the proxy server in config.ini which is in the same directory as AppSnap. N nIf you still can not connect, retry using the command line version of AppSnap which may provide some additional details. N n'AppSnap does not detect some of my applications' nSome applications don't allow version detection given the current feature set of AppSnap.
As of now, AppSnap only searches the uninstall section of the registry for version information. Some products do not populate this information so AppSnap will have to look in other locations in order to accomplish detection. Version 1.3.3 has been enhanced to display 'Not Available' for the installed version if an application is installed but version information can not be found as of yet. N nTo see whether an application currently support version detection, open db.ini and look for the 'instversion' key under that application's section. If the key is missing, the application can not be detected as of yet. N nFollowing is a list of issues as a result of workarounds in AppSnap due to bugs in external dependencies:- n n'AppSnap is missing the icons on the toolbar' nIf your DPI settings are set to Large //(in Control Panel - Display - Settings - Advanced)// then the wxWidgets library is unable to load the icons on the toolbar.
This issue has been fixed such that the icons are no longer displayed but all toolbar functionality remains. To get the icons functional, set the DPI settings to Normal. N n'AppSnap complains that gdiplus.dll is missing' nAppSnap requires gdiplus.dll which comes standard on recent Windows systems.
In some instances, it may not be available and can be downloaded here directly from Microsoft. It is also widely available on the web Download and extract it to the System32 directory and AppSnap will start working. As of version 1.3.0, AppSnap supports localization. If you are interested yourself or know somebody who can and is willing to translate AppSnap into any other language, please get in touch.
The latest English strings are available from the SVN repository n nAppSnap utilizes the gettext approach to support localization. A recommended editor for the.po files is poEdit n nAppSnap currently supports the following languages:- n. Bulgarian n. Danish n. Dutch n.
English n. French n. German n. Russian nFeel free to send updates to the above language files if you find any problems.
Home AppSnap nDownload nScreenshots nApplications n- n'Documentation' nWhy Why another Application Installer nSetup nUsage nIntranet Setup nFAQ Frequently Asked Questions nCredits nCompetition n- n'Development' nAppSnap Database nSource Code nLocalization nTesting AppSnap nChangelog n- n'Links' nOfficial Blog nDiscussion Group nBeta Testing Group nIssue Tracker nSVN Repository nProject Page n- n n n n n- n'TiddlyWiki' nGettingStarted nMainMenu n. !!!AppSnap 1.3.0-pre1 nimgAppSnap 1.3.0-pre1 n- nimgAppSnap 1.3.0-pre1 Downloading n!!!AppSnap 1.1 nimgAppSnap 1.1 n- nimgAppSnap 1.1 Categories n!!!AppSnap 1.0 nimgAppSnap 1.0 n- nimgAppSnap 1.0 Categories n- nimgAppSnap 1.0 Installing http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2040442795fa300o.jpg.
!!!Installation nThe installer copies the executable files, source code, localization files and the documentation to a directory of your choice. It then creates a shortcut in the Start Menu. N n!!!Configuration nAppSnap has a few configurable options that are stored in config.ini in the installation directory and can be modified as needed. !!!Source Package nAppSnap is available in a source only package which can be executed directly using an existing installation of Python.
The following extra Python packages will need to be installed prior to running AppSnap: n. wxPython n. PyCurl n.
PyYAML n nJust download Download the source ZIP file, extract to a directory of your choice and run appsnap.py for the command line or appsnapgui.py for the GUI. N n!!!Source from SVN nThe AppSnap source can be downloaded directly from SVN using an SVN client The latest code can be obtained from the following URL:- n. n nSource of previously released versions of AppSnap are also tagged and can be downloaded from the following URL:- n. n nFor example, version 1.2.1 can be downloaded from:- n. n nFor more information, check here n n!!!Building AppSnap nThe AppSnap executable and installer can be built from the source package using build.py. The build script requires the following applications and Python modules installed prior to execution: n.
Python n. wxPython n.
PyCurl n. PyYAML n.
Py2Exe n. NSIS n. 7-Zip n. UPX (upx.exe present in the Windows directory) n n. AppSnap has a simple GUI which simplifies the install process.
It can also be used on the command line and in scripts. !!!New Applications n.
'Internet': Azureus Gaim Miranda Thunderbird WinSCP n. 'Entertainment': CDex Songbird VideoLAN n. 'Productivity': Audacity BurnAtOnce Nvu Vim n.
'Utilities': AutoHotKey CCleaner ClamWin n n!!!GUI Enhancements n. Replaced install/uninstall buttons with a nice toolbar.
N. Added buttons to download and upgrade applications. N. Added an update database button that gets latest version of db.ini from SVN. N. AppSnap can now reload the configuration by clicking the reload button. N.
All installed applications can be filtered by selecting the 'Installed' category in the dropdown menu. N. Increased default width and height of GUI to fit toolbar and more applications. N n!!!CLI Enhancements n. Update database with the latest version of db.ini from SVN using -U.
N. Filter all installed applications using filter -f Installed.
N n!!!Internal Improvements n. AppSnap now remembers the application versions that it installs.
N. Older versions of an application's installer are now deleted when a newer version is downloaded.
N. Details about adding new entries to the database can now be found in DB.txt. N. Added referer when downloading applications. If not explicitly specified in db.ini, the scrape URL is used as the referer. N. Download URL is now optional and defaults to the scrape URL.
N. Added DASHTODOTVERSION to convert 1-1-1 versions to 1.1.1. N. Added MAJORVERSION to convert 3.8 to 3. N.
Simplified process.getwidth. N n!!!Bug Fixes n.
Fixed bug where file version filtering algorithm was failing if the latest version had fewer digits than a previous version. For Firefox, 2.0 had two digits compared to version 1.5.0.7 with four digits. N. Fixed bug where HTTP response codes other than 200 were being treated as failed.
This has been changed to codes = 300. N. Fixed bug in uninstall code where spurious s was being introduced into the uninstall command string causing uninstalls to fail. N. Added a Yield during installs to update the progress bar after a download. N. Fixed GUI resize code to fit list and outline in window.
N. Updated scrape URL for Firefox. !!!New Applications n. 'Entertainment': iTunes n. 'Internet': uTorrent Google WebAccelerator Xming n.
'Productivity': AbiWord Google Desktop Paint.NET PDFCreator Picasa n. 'Utilities': Command Prompt Here Stickies n. 'Development': ActivePerl InnoSetup NSIS Python PyCurl PyYAML wxPython XAMPP n n!!!GUI Enhancements n. Checked applications are now unchecked as they are successfully installed or uninstalled. If the install/uninstall fails for any reason, the application will remain checked. N n!!!Internal Improvements n.
As recommended by R. Francis Smith, new applications can be added or existing applications modified by making an entry in userdb.ini. This way, changes made by the user are not lost through database updates. N.
Added support for MSI packages. N.
Added support for applications which do not disclose their versions such as Google WebAccelerator and Desktop. N. Category and section sorts are now done case insensitively so that iTunes and uTorrent can show up in the right order. N. Added DOTTOUNDERSCOREVERSION to convert 2.72 versions to 272. N.
Changed default install directory in config.ini to environment variable%ProgramFiles% which points to the Windows 'Program Files' directory. N. When run with -d, the GUI now logs debugging information to debug.log. N n!!!Bug Fixes n.
If install/uninstall failed for whatever reason, AppSnap still assumed that everything worked fine. We now check the return codes of the installer and fail if non-zero. N. Reload function was not deleting all process objects which were retaining the configuration loaded previously. N.
Uninstallation was using the latest version of an application instead of the installed version during version text replacements. If installed version is not available, the latest version is used. !!!New Applications n. 'Internet': TightVNC n. 'Fun and Games': BZFlag Celestia Stellarium TuxPaint TuxPaint Stamps n.
'Development': MySQL n. 'Productivity': Blender3D DeepBurner Free Dia Gimp n. 'Utilities': Ant Renamer KeePass n. 'Libraries': GTK+ n. 'Entertainment': Juice Receiver n n!!!Internal Improvements n. Added support for zipped installers. AppSnap now extracts the ZIP and then executes the installer.
N. All background actions are now performed in a separate thread to prevent the AppSnap GUI from locking up. N n!!!Bug Fixes n. SourceForge just rolled out new changes which broke all applications hosted with them. All impacted application scrape and download URLs updated. N.
Wikidpad Portable Deutsch Download Itunes Windows 10
Fixed bug where AppSnap GUI was crashing in Windows 2000 since the install icon was not available in shell32.dll. Issue was not seen on XP and 2003 which had added a whole bunch of new icons. N. Fixed a bug where URLs with?, & or = were returning 404 errors by PyCURL.
N. Fixed bug of failed downloads being returned as successful in the GUI.
N. Fixed Paint.NET and Picasa version scraping. !!!New Applications n.
'Entertainment': foobar2000 KMPlayer n. 'Productivity': EverNote Foxit Reader n. 'Utilities': ObjectDock ShellEnhancer Unlocker n n!!!GUI Enhancements n. Bulgarian translation has been added thanks to Momchil Bojinov. N n!!!Internal Improvements n. The latest AppSnap database is now procured from which will soon host a web-based application that will simplify managing the application list.
AppSnap will provide it's version number to ensure it only receives applications supported by that version. N n!!!Bug Fixes n. Fixed a bug (issue 28 where ZIP directory structure was not being extracted correctly. N. Fixed pre and post uninstall which were being ignored for ZIP files without an embedded installer. N. Uninstalling a zipped application was not removing it from the installed applications list.
N n!!!Scrape Fixes n. Fixed Paint.NET download filename, installer and uninstall. N. Renamed Gaim to Pidgin and adjusted all scrape details accordingly. N.
Fixed ImageMagick version regex. N.
Fixed scrape and download URLs for Adobe Reader. N. Fixed Yahoo Messenger version regex. N. Fixes from Pengman n. Fixed Gimp installer filename, moved from.zip to.exe. N.
Fixed K-Lite Mega Codec Pack scrape URL. N. Fixed Tortoise SVN regex and download filename. !!!New Applications n. 'Development': Py2Exe wxPython Documentation n. 'Fun and Games': Battle for Wesnoth Tremulous n.
'Internet': Google Talk Maxthon Opera Skype X-Chat Yahoo Messenger n. 'Libraries': K-Lite Mega Codec Pack OpenSSL n. 'Productivity': DVD-Flick ImgBurn Inkscape n. 'Utilities': ImageMagick Launchy RocketDock Synergy n n!!!GUI Enhancements n. Brand new look and feel sporting a vertical layout and colors.
N. Added the Upgradeable category that lists all installed applications with available upgrades. N. AppSnap now displays download progress information. N. Applications can now be filtered by name based on a user specified string.
N. The CLI can now filter applications by category as well as user specified strings, both for listing as well as to perform application specific actions. N. Added a bug report button to simplify reporting problems. N n!!!Internal Improvements n. Support for parallel downloading in order to make best use of the available connection. N.
AppSnap now caches the version information obtained by scraping for a user configurable time limit (default 2 days) after which the information needs to be downloaded again. N. Intelligent Python based build system to simplify packaging AppSnap.
N. Installer is now capable of detecting and uninstalling older versions. AppSnap can now be added to its own database. N. Installer now deletes only installed files thus preserving installed.ini, userdb.ini and the cache directory. N. Installer now supports silent uninstallation.
N. AppSnap source is now distributed in a ZIP archive by the installer. N. Added MAJORMINORSUBVERSION in order to support ImageMagick uninstallation. N.
Added a test flag to the CLI to verify that an application is downloadable without having to download the entire installer. N n!!!Bug Fixes n. Fixed bug in 'Update DB' where a failed DB download was wiping out the current DB and killing AppSnap. N. Installer filenames which do not contain any version information are now redownloaded if cache timeout has expired (configured in config.ini) since we have no way to know if the file has changed. N. Obsolete sections in installed.ini are now filtered out.
N. Added some more error checking to update DB. N. AppSnap no longer displays a console window during installs/uninstalls. N. Fixed bug in CLI that was causing crash if latest version detection failed.
N. Fixed bug in uninstallation where quotes were being lost when uninstaller had upper case characters.
N n!!!Scrape Fixes n. Fixed Adobe Reader scraping and download link. N. Fixed Firefox and Thunderbird download links, ftp was not working. N. WinSCP version scraping now done on Sourceforge. N.
Dia's version search now includes pre-releases - e.g. 0.96-pre4 n. uTorrent now has sub-version numbering - e.g. 1.6.1 n. Fixed InnoSetup and Azureus version regex.
!!!New Applications n. 'Development': Lxml n.
'Entertainment': DVDx n. 'Internet': Copernic Agent Basic Feedreader Google Earth K-Meleon RSSOwl n. 'Productivity': Copernic Desktop Search KompoZer n.
'Utilities': WinDirStat n n!!!GUI Enhancements n. AppSnap now lists all applications being processed in the 'Processing' category.
This shows only those applications that have active tasks in progress and filters out the rest thus providing a clearer view of what's going on without having to scroll over unselected applications. N. Added category 'Not Installed' to list applications that aren't installed. N. Downloads in progress can now be canceled per application.
N. AppSnap now allows uninstalling all applications that register with the 'Add/Remove Programs' facility. All uninstallable applications are visible under the new 'Removable' meta category. N. All supported applications are now loaded after the GUI has loaded, thus providing faster user feedback on execution. N n!!!Internal Improvements n.
AppSnap now detects the installed version of applications if available in the registry. N. For applications that do not provide installed version information in the registry, AppSnap continues to maintain a record in installed.ini. However, if the application is no longer detected in the registry as installed, it is removed from installed.ini.
N. AppSnap can now search for uninstall information in the registry.
This is especially useful for applications that use MsiExec based installers since they tend to change their GUIDs through releases causing uninstall issues. N. AppSnap now looks in HKEYCURRENTUSER if HKEYLOCALMACHINE does not contain uninstall information.
N. MsiExec now uninstalls with the /x flag if the application has MsiExec /i as the uninstall command.
N. AppSnap now ships with msvcp71.dll to support Vista systems. N. Added DOTTODASHVERSION text replacement to support Xming version string. N.
Default cache location is now in the%ALLUSERSPROFILE% directory and resolves to ' sDocument and Settings sAll Users sApplication Data sAppSnap scache'. This way, all users have access to the AppSnap cache. N. The installed.ini file is now maintained in the%ALLUSERSPROFILE% directory under ' sDocument and Settings sAll Users sApplication Data sAppSnap'. This way, system specific information (installed applications) are stored on the system and not within AppSnap, which could be running on a USB key.
N. The installer now migrates the older cache and installed.ini file to the new location described above. N n!!!Bug Fixes n. Fixed issue 31 The CLI was crashing in the threading module. N. Fixed a bug where an empty uninstparam was appending bad data to the uninstall string. N.
Uninstall no longer lowercases the command. This was breaking the Stickies uninstaller. N.
Fixed a hang that was occurring when an application was quickly clicked multiple times. N. The cached db.ini was not being updated through AppSnap upgrades. !!!New Applications n. From Gabriel Cossette n.
'Development': WinMerge n. 'Entertainment': Exact Audio Copy Media Player Classic Winamp n. 'Libraries': AC3Filter FFDShow QuickTime Lite Real Alternative n. 'Productivity': InfraRecorder PDF-XChange Viewer VirtualBox XnView n. 'Utilities': AutoIT FlashGet IDrive Process Explorer Process Monitor TeraCopy Undelete Plus n n!!!Bug Fixes n. AppSnap was crashing if ' s sHKEYCURRENTUSER sSoftware sMicrosoft sWindows sCurrentVersion sUninstall' didn't exist.
This has been fixed. N. Translated strings for French were not loading correctly and crashing AppSnap. N. Fixed an exception that occurred if userdb.ini had an application with no uninstall information. N.
The toolbar was not getting disabled while processing applications. !!!New Applications n. 'Fun and Games': Battle Tanks ComicRack n.
'Internet': Flock Gizmo Project SmartFTP n. 'Productivity': CDBurnerXP GnuCash IrfanView IrfanView Plugins OpenProj Pictomio n. 'Utilities': CodecInstaller CubicExplorer ExplorerXP FreeCommander iWonder Stick Jungle Disk MyUninstaller SMOz Taskbar Shuffle n.
From Gianluigi Zanettini n. 'Internet': eMule n. 'Productivity': Sunbird n.
'Utilities': Avira AntiVir n n!!!GUI Enhancements n. The GUI now displays a dialog with exception details if it crashes. This provides the user with relevant feedback instead of not starting up at all, or dying suddenly. Debug.log is also automatically saved if AppSnap crashes.
N. German translation has been added thanks to Willy Dumaz. N. Russian translation has been added thanks to Didenko EV. N. The toolbar now widens to fill the allocated space. N.
Widened category dropdown to fit Russian strings. N n!!!Internal Improvements n. The backend has been enhanced to display 'Not Available' for the installed version if an application is installed but version information can not be detected. N. DB.ini now supports renaming downloaded files (issue 42 if the download file is not very descriptive. N.
AppSnap now allows disabling silent installation of all applications by setting //silentinstall = False// in config.ini. This allows for fine grained control over the install and uninstall process. Silent installation is enabled by default.
N. AppSnap can now detect versions split into multiple parts (issue 51 For example, 1.0.4 Build 56528 can be detected as 1.0.4-56528. Details are in the Configuration Options page under the version string section. N. Added undocumented -w flag to CLI to generate application list Applications in TiddlyWiki format. N n!!!Bug Fixes n. Issue 19 has been fixed somewhat.
If the icons cannot be loaded (due to the wxWidgets bug described in the issue) then the toolbar is rendered without the icons. Everything is functional except for the missing icons. N.
Fixed a crash caused by opening invalid nodes in the registry. N. Fixed a bug where older versions of files were not being deleted in all cases. N. Fixed a bug where application download was failing if latest version was not loaded yet.
N. Fixed a crash that occurred when the help button was pressed. There are two strategies to manage application version and download information:- n n1. The application developer publishes the information in some common format that can be picked up by management systems like AppSnap. The PAD system already exists as an example of this case and many popular websites use this format or some other format to collect application information.
Eclipse components follow this method by publishing an XML file that Eclipse can parse. The pro is that it is easy to collect this information since each application developer publishes this information. The con is that many developers don't use any such mechanism. I'm also unsure if there is any standardization in this area. The management system has to manually collect information for each application.
This approach is widespread in the Linux world, where each distribution maintains its own database of supported applications. This approach is very resource intensive in terms of adding to and maintaining the database which can quickly grow beyond the capacity of a few part time contributors. Linux does this well but the amount of time devoted to package management could be better spent elsewhere, assuming there were another way to achieve the same great user experience. N nThe Windows world does not have any central authority for applications.
Several websites like Download.com FileHippo Version Tracker etc. Have attempted to solve this problem. Some have gone a step further and created a desktop application that talks to their database and recommends updates. Their databases are already large and being actively maintained by their paid staff so the application automatically inherits a very strong backend. Some like FileHippo only provide links to the applications and leave it to the user to manually download and install each. Others like Version Tracker have published paid software to do this. These websites have the clout to squash applications like AppSnap since they are established and well known but for whatever reason, their desktop applications are not as feature rich or available for free.
Wikidpad
N nAppSnap approaches this problem in a different way. Instead of expecting application developers to publish information in a particular format, we can parse their websites, which they inevitably keep up to date, and figure out the latest release. This way, developers don't have to do anything different from what they already do. Secondly, I don't think it makes sense to update the database every time an application releases a new version. It is too much effort that takes away from improving the application itself. Hence, the AppSnap database stores.how.
to find out the version information and not the actual information itself. Agreed, the database breaks from time to time. The developer may change his website layout, URL or even the version format requiring a change in AppSnap's database. Normally, these things don't happen as often as application updates so quite a bit of effort is saved in database maintenance.
N nThe AppSnap approach is not without its problems though. Some applications deliberately make the download URL or version information difficult to access programmatically. Try finding MSN Messenger's download URL or Google Talk's version information. Perhaps they want to avoid direct linking that circumvents their website and potential ad revenue. Whatever their reasoning, this makes it hard to add some applications.
For the most part, AppSnap is successful and the database is growing and so is the user base. N nThe whole idea behind creating AppSnap was to see if it was possible to leverage what application developers post on their websites, regardless of the inconsistency. I didn't have the enthusiasm to keep a database up to date, especially since there already exist other solutions that employ that approach, so I made an application that is as smart as possible to do things on its own.
And it works well. I've not had to update the database too often and that's a good sign. Over time, AppSnap will get smarter and make the database maintenance chore even less of an issue. N nWhat I do plan on adding to AppSnap is the ability to synchronize with multiple database sources. Today, it can only work with one, but eventually, anybody can publish their own database and the end user has the choice to decide which ones he wants to use.
Also, the AppSnap.INI file format AppSnap Database is well documented and can be published by developers if they choose to. N nFeel free to comment on this issue.
I've elaborated on the philosophy of AppSnap but it will inevitably move towards what is most effective and useful to users.